Institut de Recherche Mathématique Avancée, UMR 7501

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Rechercher

Recherche d’une soutenance (depuis 1999)

Soutenances de thèses et HDR de l’année

Soutenance de thèse Géométrie et applications - Mercredi 26-09-2018 (10:00) - Salle de conférences IRMA
Nassima Keddari (Université de Strasbourg) : Intersections Lagrangiennes pour les sous-variétés monotones et presque monotones

Jury :

Mihai Damian, université de Strasbourg
Jean-François Barraud, université de Toulouse
Alexandru Oancea, université Pierre et Marie Curie
François Laudenbach, université de Nantes
Emmanuel Opshtein, université de Strasbourg Sheila Sandon, IRMA

Christophe Prud'homme
Zakaria Belhachmi
Frederic Hecht
Stéphanie Salmon
Faker Ben Belgacem
Murielle Torregrossa
Patrice Laquerriere

Christophe Prud'homme (IRMA),
Yannick Hoarau (ICube),
Anthony Nouy (Centrale Nantes),
Martin Grepl (RWTH Aachen),
Fabien Mangeant (Renault),
Robert Mosé (ICube)

Amphi Rothé (EOST)

Jean-Michel Coron, Université Pierre et Marie Curie
Olivier Glass, Université Paris-Dauphine
Vilmos Komornik, Université de Strasbourg
Ta-tsien Li, Fudan University
Jean-Pierre Puel, Université de Versailles St Quentin
Bopeng Rao, Université de Strasbourg
Xu Zhang, Sichuan University




1513 Guanghua East Building, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

Frédéric Chapoton (IRMA, Université de Strasbourg)
Gwénaël Massuyeau (Institut de Mathématiques de Bourgogne, Université de Bourgogne)
Geoffrey Powell (LAREMA, Université d'Angers)
Antoine Touzé (Laboratoire Paul Painlevé, Université de Lille)
Christine Vespa (IRMA, Université de Strasbourg)
Nathalie Wahl (Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Copenhagen)

Raymond Namyst, Professeur, Universite de Bordeaux
Frederic Desprez, Directeur de Recherche, INRIA, Grenoble
Remi Abgrall, Professeur, Universite de Zurich, Suisse
Eric Sonnendrucker, Professeur, Max-Planck Institut fur Plasmaphysik, Munich, Allemagne
Jean Roman, Professeur, INP (Enseirb-Matmeca) & INRIA, Bordeaux
Stéphane Genaud, Professeur, ENSIIE, Strasbourg
Résumé


Numerous scientific domains express a need for high-performance computing (HPC), which has intensified in recent decades. At the same time, the size of available supercomputers has grown steadily. Yet, parallel simulations make it possible to perform experiments numerically without carrying out full-scale real-world experiments whose costs can be prohibitive. My contributions concern the improvement of computational methods from the point of view of parallel algorithms, but also on the upgrade of numerical schemes in several simulations codes, and more broadly on new tools in the field of scientific computing.



Although my scientific work is not limited to contributions to the GYSELA simulation code, a part of it relates to this application. The GYSELA code treats the Gyrokinetic Vlasov equation in a five-dimensional space coupled to a Poisson solver and some other additional operators. While in 2006, a reduced version of the code was using only 128 cores, several algorithmic improvements permitted to achieve runs on 8000 cores in 2010, and 459000 cores in 2013. Some of the largest supercomputers in Europe have been used to conduct these numerical experiments. Thanks to a very good scalability and portability, everyday GYSELA runs use from 8000 to 32000 cores. However, it was found that whenever doubling the number of cores for a given case, the memory footprint was far from halved, as it should ideally. As a consequence, many very large physical cases were impossible to run because the memory was exhausted. By introducing more sophisticated algorithms, this bottleneck was wiped out and the memory scalability was significantly improved. Recently, works have been carried out to adapt the code for the next generations of machines; some of the key components are: vectorization, avoiding synchronizations induced by the management of parallelism, and overlapping communications by calculations, auto-tuning of identified kernels. 

Along with the efforts for achieving good parallelization, this is meaningful to improve the numerical methods to boost the precision and the realism of the simulations. Indeed, parallel algorithms and numerical schemes are tightly coupled. Thus, a specific operator splitting method in the Vlasov solver and improvement of the initial equilibrium function make it possible to better preserve certain mathematical invariants. This contribution helped improving the precision and the robustness of the code as well. A series of theoretical studies have established that the alignment of the main physical structures around the magnetic field lines can be used to reduce the number of mesh points necessary in the direction which is parallel to the field lines. I figured out a new numerical method with aligned interpolation for GYSELA. This approach saves a lot of meshing points and thus reduces the cost of simulations. I also managed to  improve the realism of the simulations in suppressing an artificial boundary condition.



As time goes on, accelerator devices have seen increasing success in the HPC field. Some of my researches were devoted to designing algorithms for clusters of such computing devices. A parallel solution for petroleum exploitation was developed on cluster of GPUs (Reverse Time Migration method). The memory access patterns and the management of both CPU-GPU and MPI communications were the main bottleneck to tackle there. In addition, the development of very fine-grained algorithms was important to achieve good performance. Besides, I realized some optimization works on some of the Gysela computation kernels on the Intel manycore's architecture. A major problem here is to adequately vectorize, because it is an essential condition to harness their power effectively. Some memory-bound and compute-bound kernels have shown good performance compared to more conventional computing devices, but achieving a large fraction of the CPU peak performance is often a non-trivial problem. Again, the access patterns to the memory and cache-friendliness represent a real challenge, a lot more than for a standard processor. Auto-tuning techniques were also helpful to address some of the issues related to performance portability and sensitivity both to architectural features and to application dependent parameters.



One of the constant problems facing the parallel application designer is to find solutions to increase efficiency, portability and code readability at the same time. The complexities of hardware, of scientific applications, of numerical schemes and the difficulty to choose a programming model are all together contributing to this multi-faceted problem. However, possible tracks should be discussed to cross over the obstacles and to end up soon running large applications on the upcoming exascale machines.

Christine Huyghe (IRMA, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg)
Nathalie Wach (IRMA, Université de Strasbourg)
Xavier Caruso (IRMAR, Université de Rennes)
Bernard Le Stum (IRMAR, Université de Rennes)
Laurent Berger (UMPA, ENS Lyon)
Ariane Mézard (IMJ, Université Pierre et Marie Curie)
Rutger Noot (IRMA, Université de Strasbourg)
Jean-Pierre Wintenberger (IRMA, Université de Strasbourg)

Stéphane Gaussent
Olivier Schiffmann
Pierre Baumann
Frédéric Chapoton
Caroline GrusonUn pot suivra les délibérations du jury.

Benjamin Enriquez (UdS)
Giovanni Felder (ETH Zurich)
Vladimir Fock (UdS)
Hidekazu Furusho (Nagoya)
Ivan Marin (Amiens)

Dominique Chapelle (Inria)
Luca Formaggia (Politecnico di Milan)
Philippe Helluy (IRMA)
Yvon Maday (UPMC)
Kent-Andre Mardal (University of Oslo)
Sébastien Martin (Université Paris Descartes)
Christophe Prud'homme (IRMA)
Stéphanie Salmon (URCA)

Martin Bridson (Oxford)
Marc Burger (ETH Zürich)
Carlo Gasbarri (Strasbourg)
Olivier Guichard (Strasbourg)
Vincent Koziarz (Bordeaux)
Pierre Pansu (Orsay)

Nalini Anantharaman
Christophe Bavard
Christian Bonatti
Étienne Ghys
Frédéric Le Roux
Daniel Peralta Salas
Amie Wilkinson.

Ahmed Abbes (IHES)
Daniel Caro (Caen)
Bruno Chiarellotto (Padova)
Elmar Grosse-Kloenne (Berlin)
Christine Huyghe (Strasbourg)
Tobias Schmidt (Rennes)
Nobuo Tsuzuki (Sendai)
Jean-Pierre Wintenberger (Strasbourg)

Thomas Delzant (IRMA, Université de Strasbourg)
Indira Chatterji (Laboratoire J.A. Dieudonné, Université de Nice - Sophia Antipolis)
Eric Swenson (Brigham Young University)
Cornelia Drutu (Mathematical institute, University of Oxford)
Charles Frances (IRMA, Université de Strasbourg)

Dernière mise à jour le 10-02-2015